What do ribosomes do during protein synthesis?

What do ribosomes do during protein synthesis?

• A. Move along the mRNA, reading the instructions for protein synthesis
• B. Build DNA from RNA
• C. Transcribe RNA from DNA
• D. Degrade mRNA

Answer: (A)

Ribosomes are the molecular machines that translate the mRNA sequence into a protein. They move along the mRNA, reading each codon in order and coordinating the arrival of tRNAs carrying the corresponding amino acids to build the growing polypeptide chain until a stop signal ends translation. This is the core role of ribosomes during protein synthesis, while other processes—creating DNA from RNA, transcribing RNA from DNA, or degrading mRNA—are carried out by different cellular machines.

Ribosomes are the molecular machines that translate the mRNA sequence into a protein. They move along the mRNA, reading each codon in order and coordinating the arrival of tRNAs carrying the corresponding amino acids to build the growing polypeptide chain until a stop signal ends translation. This is the core role of ribosomes during protein synthesis, while other processes—creating DNA from RNA, transcribing RNA from DNA, or degrading mRNA—are carried out by different cellular machines.